It:Epinephrine
| Epinephrine | |
|---|---|
| |
| IUPAC Systematic name | |
| 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]- (9CI) | |
| Other name | |
| Adrenaline | |
| Indentifiers | |
| ATC Code | |
| CAS number | {{{CASNo}}} |
| PubChem (CID) | 838 |
| SMILES | OC1=C(O)C=CC(C(CNC)O)=C1 OC1=C(O)C=CC(C(CNC)O)=C1 |
| Chemical Data | |
| Molecular formula | C9H13NO3 |
| Molar mass | 183.204 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic Data | |
| Bioavailability | |
| Protein Binding | |
| Metabolism | |
| Half life | 2 minutes |
| Excretion | |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | |
Epinephrine
Epinephrine (commonly known as adrenaline and epi in medicine) is secreted by the adrenal gland in the kidneys and also in smaller levels by the lungs, and heart ventricles1. It is secreted by the body in moments of danger, excitation and shock. Its effects include increased heart rate, pupil dilation, restriction of blood flow to the digestive system, while increasing the blood flow to the muscles, especially in the legs and arms, it also causes the liver to increase the blood sugar levels. Side effects can include headaches, high blood pressure, irregular heart beating, an increase in the fluid content of the lungs, which can cause difficulties in breathing, and an impaired glucose tolerance (when taken mixed in the blood with insulin glucose metabolism falls by 41%)2. In medicine it is used to treat severe allergic reactions, sometimes in cardio-stimulation (however this can cause the heart to become irritable, so other medicines are generally preferred), its can also be used in immunisation due to its ability to temporarily suppress the immune system, which helps the allergen enter the body easier3.
3D Structure
References
1.Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 258: L227-L231, 1990
2.J Clin Invest. 1980 March; 65(3): 717–721
3.[1]