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{{Infobox scientist
|name = Stephen R. Heller
|image = Michael J. S. Dewar.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|birth_name=Michael Stephen Heller
|birth_place = [[New, New York
|nationality = American
|work_institution = University of London 1951-
University of Chicago 1959-
University of Texas 1963-
University of Florida 1989-1994
|alma_mater = University of Oxford
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = MAss spec databse, hemcial Information System, InChI
|prizes = EPA Gold Medal, ACS Skolnik Award, Patterson-Crane Award.
|religion =
|footnotes =
}}
Michael James Steuart Dewar (24 September 1918 – 10 October 1997) was a theoretical chemist.[1]
Life and career
Received his BS in Chemistry from SUNY-Stony Brook and my PhD in Chemistry from Georgetown University. Ph.D. Thesis Thesis research was conducted under the direction of Professor C. F. Hammer (Georgetown University) on the mechanism of cyclic nitrogen mustard systems.
Chemist at various US Government aganceis from 1967-200 - EPA, NIH, USDA, NIST. Advisory Board member of the NIH PubChem project from 2004. From 2000 - 2006 I was a consultant to and a contributing editor of specialzed databases for Chemindustry.com. From 2000 - 2002 I was a strategic planner for MDL Information Systems. From 2007 - date- Project Director for the not-for-profit InChI Trust Published over 160 peer eviewed papers Chairman, International Plant & Animal Genome (PAG) conference from 1992.
Complete Work History:
Project Director, InChI Trust, InChI Trust 2009 - date
Consultant, 1980 - present.
Consultant and Contributing Editor on Specialized Databases, ChemIndustry.com, February 2000 - 2008.
Guest Researcher, CBRD and SRD, NIST, Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD, October 1997 - present.
Principal Strategic Planner, MDL Information Systems, April 2000 - November 2002.
Informatics Project Leader, Plant Genome Research Program, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service , Beltsville, MD, August 1990 - August 2000.
Director of Quality Control, Scitechinform, a UK-USSR private joint venture of Maxwell Communications and VINITI, Moscow, USSR; London, UK; & Washington DC, July 1989 - August 1990.
Research Scientist, Systems Research Laboratory, Natural Resources Institute, US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Beltsville, MD, January 1988 - August 1990.
Research Scientist and Research Leader, Model and Database Coordination Laboratory, Agricultural Systems Research Institute, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, April 1985 - January 1988.
Faculty Member, Chemistry Department, FAES-NIH Graduate School, Bethesda, MD, 1972 -1990.
Chemist, Acid Rain and Quality Assurance Programs, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, September 1984 - April 1985.
Chemist, Physical Scientist, and Computer Specialist, Office of Information Resource Management, EPA, Washington, DC, October 1973 - April 1985.
EPA Chemical Information System (CIS) Coordinator and CIS Database Project Manager, 1976 - 1984.
Guest Worker, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Laboratory of Chemistry, Bethesda, MD, 1978 - 1984.
Special Assistant, Information Technology Branch, DTP, DCT, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, February - April 1984.
Visiting Professor of Chemistry , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , November 1981 - January 1982.
Staff Scientist, US House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Health and the Environment , Washington, DC, August 1979 - March 1980.
Senior Staff Fellow, Division of Computer Research and Technology (DCRT), NIH, Bethesda, MD, May 1970 - October 1973.
Consultant in chemistry primarily to chemical patent lawyers and included patent, literature searching and assisting in writing patent applications, July 1969 - May 1970.
Research Chemist, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, January 1967 - July 1969.
Dewar was the son of Scottish parents, Annie Balfour (Keith) and Francis
Dewar.[2] He
received the degrees of Bachelor of Arts, Master of
Arts, and DPhil from the Balliol College, Oxford.[3] He was appointed to the Chair in Chemistry at Queen
Mary College of the University of London in 1951.[3] He moved to the
University of Chicago in 1959 and then to the first Robert A. Welch research chair at the
University of Texas at Austin in 1963.[3] After a long and productive period
there, he moved to the University of Florida in 1989. He retired in 1994 as Professor Emeritus
at the University of Florida.[1] He died in 1997.[3][4][5]
Dewar's reputation for providing original solutions to vexing puzzles first developed when he was still a postdoctoral fellow at Oxford University. In 1945, he deduced the correct structure for stipitatic acid, a mold product whose structure had baffled the leading chemists of the day. It involved a new kind of aromatic structure with a seven-membered ring for which Dewar coined the term tropolone.[6] The discovery of the tropolone structure launched the field of non-benzenoid aromaticity, which witnessed feverish activity for several decades and greatly expanded the chemists' understanding of cyclic π-electron systems. Also in 1945, Dewar devised the then novel notion of a π complex, which he proposed as an intermediate in the benzidine rearrangement.[7] This offered the first correct rationalization of the electronic structure of complexes of transition metals with alkenes, later known as the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model.[8][9]
In the early 1950s, Dewar wrote a famous series of six articles[8][10][11][12][13][14] on a general Molecular orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry, which extended and generalised Erich Hückel's original quantum mechanical treatments by using perturbation theory and resonance theory, and which in many ways originated the modern era of theoretical and computational organic chemistry.[3] Following Woodward and Hoffmann's suggestion of selection rules for pericyclic reactions, Dewar championed (concurrently with Howard Zimmerman) an alternative approach (which he erroneously felt had been pioneered by M. G. Evans) to understanding pericyclic reactivity based on aromatic and antiaromatic transition states.[15]
He is a member of the ACS, ASMS, and IUPAC.
Personal life
He is the father of Josh, Adam, and Matt Heller.
References
Template loop detected: Template:Reflist
Bibliography
- missing author1 (1998). "Michael J. S. Dewar September 24, 1918 — October 10, 1997". Biographical Memoires of the National Academy of Science missing volume: missing pages.
- missing author1 (2013). "Michael J. S. Dewar: A Model Iconoclast". Pioneers of Quantum Chemistry, E. Thomas Strom, Angela K. Wilson , Eds. ACS Symposium Series, Vol. 1122: 139–153. doi: 10.1021/bk-2013-1122.ch005.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Michael Dewar IAQMS page
- ↑ https://books.google.ca/books?id=dKugAAAAMAAJ&q=%22DEWAR,+Michael+James+Steuart%22&dq=% 22DEWAR,+Michael+James+Steuart%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JjaXVdb3K9ThoAS605bQDA&ved=0CDMQ6AEwBw
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 [http://neon.cm.utexas.edu/faculty/Dewar.html His page from the University of Texas]
- ↑ List of IAQMS members
- ↑ missing author1 (1992). A semiempirical life. American Chemical Society.
- ↑ missing author1 (1945). "Structure of Stipitatic Acid". Nature 155(3924): 50–50. doi: 10.1038/155050b0.
- ↑ missing author1 (1951). "A review of π Complex Theory". Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. missing volume: C71–79.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 missing author1 (1952). "A Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry. I. General Principles". Journal of the American Chemical Society 74(13): 3341. doi: 10.1021/ja01133a038.
- ↑ missing author1 (1945). "Mechanism of the Benzidine and Related Rearrangements". Nature 156(3974): 784–780. doi: 10.1038/156784a0.
- ↑ missing author1 (1952). "A Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry. II. The Structure of Mesomeric Systems". Journal of the American Chemical Society 74(13): 3345. doi: 10.1021/ja01133a039.
- ↑ missing author1 (1952). "A Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry. III. Charge Displacements and Electromeric Substituents". Journal of the American Chemical Society 74(13): 3350. doi: 10.1021/ja01133a040.
- ↑ missing author1 (1952). "A Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry. IV. Free Radicals". Journal of the American Chemical Society 74(13): 3353. doi: 10.1021/ja01133a041.
- ↑ missing author1 (1952). "A Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry. V. Theories of Reactivity and the Relationship between Them". Journal of the American Chemical Society 74(13): 3355. doi: 10.1021/ja01133a042.
- ↑ missing author1 (1952). "A Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry. VI. Aromatic Substitution and Addition". Journal of the American Chemical Society 74(13): 3357. doi: 10.1021/ja01133a043.
- ↑ missing author1 (1971). "Aromatic (Huckel) and Antiaromatic (antiHuckel) Transition states". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10: 761–776.
- Pages with template loops
- Pages with broken file links
- 1918 births
- 1997 deaths
- University of Florida faculty
- Fellows of the Royal Society
- British chemists
- Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
- Academics of Queen Mary University of London
- International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science members
- Theoretical chemists
- Computational chemists