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It:bradykinin

2006-11-25T17:19:27Z

Yl1405: It:bradykinin moved to It:Bradykinin.2nd: Change capital letter

#redirect [[It:Bradykinin.2nd]]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T17:19:27Z

Yl1405: It:bradykinin moved to It:Bradykinin.2nd

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==History==
Bradykinin was discovered by three Brazilian physiologists in 1948 its powerful hypotensive effects in animal preparations. Bradykinin was detected in the blood plasma of animals after the addition of venom of Bothrops jararaca (Brazilian lancehead snake), which was brought by Rosenfeld from the Butantan Institute. This discovery was part of a continuing study on circulatory shock and proteolytic enzymes related to the toxicology of snake bites, started by Rocha e Silva as early as 1939. Bradykinin was to prove a new autopharmacological principle,a substance that is released in the body by a metabolic modification from precursors, which are pharmacologically active."The discovery of bradykinin has led to a new understanding of many physiological and pathological phenomena including circulatory shock induced by venoms and toxins."

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
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<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Physiological role==
Bradykinin is a potent endothelium-dependent vasodilator, causes contraction of non-vascular smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and also is involved in the mechanism of pain. In some aspects, it has similar actions to that of histamine, and like histamine is released from venules rather than arterioles.

Bradykinin raises internal calcium levels in neocortical astrocytes causing them to release glutamate.

Bradykinin is also thought to be the cause of the dry cough in some patients on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drugs. This refractory cough is a common cause for stopping ACE-inhibitor therapy.

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==Further Reading==
*[History and a review of the kinin system
http://www.jstor.org/view/00804649/ap000191/00a00110/0]
*[Bradykinin attenuates glucagon-inducedleucine oxidation in humans
http://ajpendo.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/259/2/E239.pdf]
==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]
*[Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v135/n4/full/0704548a.html;jsessionid=FC42D95BDDC87938C5411B0E85323C66]
*[Mechanisms of ACE Inhibitor Angioedema
http://www.clinimmsoc.org/meetings/summerschool06/presentations/banerji_aleena.pdf]

It:Bradykinin

2006-11-25T17:14:20Z

Yl1405:

It:projects

2006-11-25T17:08:07Z

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It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T17:02:54Z

Yl1405: /* External Links */

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:58:58Z

Yl1405: Physiological role

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:56:28Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==History==
Bradykinin was discovered by three Brazilian physiologists in 1948 its powerful hypotensive effects in animal preparations. Bradykinin was detected in the blood plasma of animals after the addition of venom of Bothrops jararaca (Brazilian lancehead snake), which was brought by Rosenfeld from the Butantan Institute. This discovery was part of a continuing study on circulatory shock and proteolytic enzymes related to the toxicology of snake bites, started by Rocha e Silva as early as 1939. Bradykinin was to prove a new autopharmacological principle,a substance that is released in the body by a metabolic modification from precursors, which are pharmacologically active."The discovery of bradykinin has led to a new understanding of many physiological and pathological phenomena including circulatory shock induced by venoms and toxins."

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==Further Reading==
*[History and a review of the kinin system
http://www.jstor.org/view/00804649/ap000191/00a00110/0]
*[Bradykinin attenuates glucagon-inducedleucine oxidation in humans
http://ajpendo.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/259/2/E239.pdf]
==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]
*[Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v135/n4/full/0704548a.html;jsessionid=FC42D95BDDC87938C5411B0E85323C66]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:52:18Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==Further Reading==
*[History and a review of the kinin system
http://www.jstor.org/view/00804649/ap000191/00a00110/0]
*[Bradykinin attenuates glucagon-inducedleucine oxidation in humans
http://ajpendo.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/259/2/E239.pdf]
==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]
*[Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v135/n4/full/0704548a.html;jsessionid=FC42D95BDDC87938C5411B0E85323C66]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:48:03Z

Yl1405: further reading

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==Further Reading==
*[Bradykinin attenuates glucagon-induced
leucine oxidation in humans
http://ajpendo.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/259/2/E239.pdf]
==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]
*[Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v135/n4/full/0704548a.html;jsessionid=FC42D95BDDC87938C5411B0E85323C66]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:39:38Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==Further Reading==

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]
*[Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v135/n4/full/0704548a.html;jsessionid=FC42D95BDDC87938C5411B0E85323C66]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:38:04Z

Yl1405: 2nd external link

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]
*[Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v135/n4/full/0704548a.html;jsessionid=FC42D95BDDC87938C5411B0E85323C66]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:36:36Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]
[[Image:role4.gif]]

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]

File:Role4.gif

2006-11-25T16:35:51Z

Yl1405:

File:Role4.JPG

2006-11-25T16:34:59Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:34:00Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]
[[Image:role3.gif]]

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]

File:Role3.gif

2006-11-25T16:33:17Z

Yl1405:

File:Role3.JPG

2006-11-25T16:32:35Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:30:05Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
[[Image:role1.gif]]

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]

File:Role1.gif

2006-11-25T16:29:18Z

Yl1405:

File:Role1.JPG

2006-11-25T16:28:13Z

Yl1405:

File:0704548f2.jpg

2006-11-25T16:26:39Z

Yl1405:

File:Role2.JPG

2006-11-25T16:26:25Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:20:25Z

Yl1405: Role of bradykinin in preconditioning

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==
[[Image:role.gif]]
==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]

File:Role.gif

2006-11-25T16:19:24Z

Yl1405:

File:Role.JPG

2006-11-25T16:18:16Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:17:30Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Role of bradykinin in preconditioning and protection of the ischaemic myocardium==

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T16:02:08Z

Yl1405: external links

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==External Links==
*[Use of peptidic bradykinin antagonists for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6245736-description.html]

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:52:40Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin is an activates pain receptors. Bradykinin induces smooth muscle contraction; activates Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthetase. Bradykinin can also increase capillary permeability. Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of nitric oxide formation by vascular endothelium. Bradykinin also stimulates prostacyclin formation.
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==External Links==

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:49:56Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==External Links==

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:48:27Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:47:50Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==3D Image of Bradykinin==

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:43:51Z

Yl1405:

==Description==
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). BK is also an important mediator of a new class of drugs, vasopeptidase inhibitors.

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:42:30Z

Yl1405: add descripion

==Description==
Bradykinin (BK), a nanopeptide (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), is the prototype of a family of powerful vasodilatory peptides, the kinins. Although known for a long time only as a pro-inflammatory peptide, BK is now considered an important mediator of the benefits of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi).

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:32:03Z

Yl1405: snake-like view

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==
[[Image:Snake-like.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

File:Snake-like.gif

2006-11-25T15:30:27Z

Yl1405:

File:Snake-like.GIF

2006-11-25T15:29:10Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:28:54Z

Yl1405:

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==Snake-like view of Bradykinin==

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:22:32Z

Yl1405: upload reaction mechanism

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:Brady.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

File:Brady.gif

2006-11-25T15:20:04Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-25T15:16:19Z

Yl1405:

==2D structure of bradykinin==
[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]

==Reaction Mechanism==
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]

==Jmol==

<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>400</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 9 C 0 4.072 0.267 -0.196 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 -4.966 0.419 -1.907 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 N 0 -4.596 0.857 -0.549 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 27 C 0 -4.947 0.242 0.598 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 28 O 0 -4.584 0.693 1.664 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 29 C 0 -5.791 -1.006 0.556 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 30 N 0 -5.644 -1.740 1.820 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 31 C 0 -7.259 -0.622 0.357 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 32 C 0 -8.099 -1.890 0.189 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 33 C 0 -9.567 -1.506 -0.010 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 34 N 0 -10.371 -2.720 -0.171 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 35 C 0 -11.729 -2.624 -0.364 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 36 N 0 -12.300 -1.453 -0.405 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 37 N 0 -12.484 -3.763 -0.515 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 38 C 0 6.329 -1.631 1.015 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 39 C 0 5.516 -1.020 2.127 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 40 C 0 4.166 -1.299 2.230 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 41 C 0 3.420 -0.739 3.249 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 42 C 0 4.024 0.101 4.167 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 43 C 0 5.374 0.379 4.064 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 44 C 0 6.121 -0.185 3.047 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 45 C 0 9.888 -0.817 -2.955 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 46 H 0 12.151 -2.096 -0.310 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 47 H 0 11.240 -3.097 -2.160 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 48 H 0 10.286 -3.376 -0.683 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 49 H 0 8.875 -2.693 -2.647 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 50 H 0 8.888 -1.190 -0.143 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 51 H 0 6.647 0.289 0.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 52 H 0 4.660 -1.197 -1.450 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 53 H 0 2.697 0.617 -1.790 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 54 H 0 2.169 -0.605 -0.610 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 55 H 0 2.363 1.882 0.713 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 56 H 0 -0.148 2.451 1.510 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 57 H 0 1.175 4.327 1.114 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 58 H 0 1.147 4.086 -0.664 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 60 H 0 -0.389 5.927 -0.441 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 61 H 0 -2.695 4.514 -0.410 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 62 H 0 -1.483 4.185 -1.686 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 63 H 0 -4.263 2.895 -0.119 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 64 H 0 -3.728 3.499 -2.305 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 70 H 0 -5.465 -1.637 -0.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 71 H 0 -5.955 -1.120 2.553 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 72 H 0 -6.300 -2.505 1.789 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 74 H 0 -7.354 -0.002 -0.535 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 75 H 0 -7.748 -2.446 -0.680 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 76 H 0 -8.003 -2.509 1.080 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 78 H 0 -9.662 -0.886 -0.902 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 79 H 0 -9.946 -3.591 -0.140 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 80 H 0 -13.258 -1.385 -0.541 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 81 H 0 -12.059 -4.634 -0.485 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 82 H 0 -13.442 -3.695 -0.651 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 83 H 0 5.905 -2.598 0.744 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 88 H 0 5.846 1.035 4.781 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 89 H 0 7.176 0.033 2.967 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 90 H 0 10.429 -0.081 -2.359 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

It:Camptothecin

2006-11-24T17:41:18Z

Yl1405:

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;"
! {{chemical header}}| '''structure of camptothecin'''
|-align="center" colspan="1" bgcolor="#ffffff" |
|[[Image:camptothecin.gif|right|camptothecin]]
|- align="center"

|-
|}

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor = "#ffffff"
! {{chemical header}}| '''Chemical Data'''
|
|-
| [http://www.iupac.org/dhtml_home.html IUPAC name]
|
|-
| Appearance
| Light Yellow Crystal
|-
| Molecular formula
| C20H16N2O4
|-
| Molecular mass
| 348.36g/mol
|-
| Solubility
| Clear Yellow Solution at <br>1Mg/Ml in Dimethylsulfoxide
|-

|-
| PubMed ID
| [
|-
| PubChem ID
| []
|-
| Melting point
| 260-240°C
|-
| Boiling point
| .....
|-
| [http://www.cas.org/ CAS number]
|
|-
|smiles string
|CC[C@@]1(O)C(=O)OCc2c(=O)<br>n3c(Cc4nc5ccccc5cc34)cc12
|}
==Description==
Camptothecin is an alkaloid derived from the Chinese "happy tree",Camptotheca acuminata Decne. It is one of the two most important compounds in cancer chemotherapy,which the other one is Taxol. Presently, first-generation analogs of camptothecin, such as Hycamtin (topotecan) and Camptosar (irinotecan or CPT-11), are used for the treatment of ovarian and colon cancer.

==3D Image of Camptothecin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>300</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 100; cpk off;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>HEADER CSD ENTRY XICKAV
HEADER NONAME 27-Oct-06 NONE 1
TITLE NONE 2
AUTHOR WWW daemon apache NONE 3
REVDAT 1 27-Oct-06 0 NONE 4
ATOM 1 C 0 5.739 1.358 1.252 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 2 C 0 4.228 1.118 1.261 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 3 C 0 3.796 0.530 -0.083 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 4 O 0 4.126 1.444 -1.132 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 5 C 0 4.511 -0.781 -0.313 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 6 O 0 5.485 -0.860 -1.023 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 7 O 0 3.999 -1.864 0.320 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 8 C 0 2.615 -2.200 0.035 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 9 C 0 1.770 -0.953 -0.003 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 C 0 0.370 -1.094 0.033 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 11 O 0 -0.122 -2.208 0.116 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 12 N 0 -0.438 -0.011 -0.024 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.108 1.230 -0.106 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 C 0 -1.028 2.228 -0.156 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -2.277 1.377 -0.090 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 N 0 -3.548 1.688 -0.095 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -4.498 0.750 -0.027 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -5.860 1.098 -0.034 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 C 0 -6.807 0.123 0.035 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -6.450 -1.222 0.113 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 C 0 -5.142 -1.598 0.122 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -4.137 -0.618 0.053 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -2.775 -0.968 0.060 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -1.839 0.050 -0.012 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 1.449 1.403 -0.128 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 C 0 2.308 0.293 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 27 H 0 6.046 1.777 2.210 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 28 H 0 6.255 0.413 1.086 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 29 H 0 5.991 2.055 0.452 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 30 H 0 3.975 0.421 2.061 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 31 H 0 3.711 2.064 1.427 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 32 H 0 5.085 1.567 -1.103 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 33 H 0 2.557 -2.704 -0.930 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 34 H 0 2.238 -2.868 0.810 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 35 H 0 -0.981 2.903 0.698 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 36 H 0 -0.999 2.791 -1.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 37 H 0 -6.154 2.136 -0.093 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 38 H 0 -7.852 0.396 0.030 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 39 H 0 -7.222 -1.975 0.167 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 40 H 0 -4.878 -2.643 0.184 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 41 H 0 -2.468 -2.001 0.121 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 42 H 0 1.861 2.399 -0.188 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 27 28 29 NONE 47
CONECT 2 1 3 30 31 NONE 48
CONECT 3 2 26 4 5 NONE 49
CONECT 4 3 32 0 0 NONE 50
CONECT 5 3 6 7 0 NONE 51
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 52
CONECT 7 5 8 0 0 NONE 53
CONECT 8 7 9 33 34 NONE 54
CONECT 9 8 26 10 0 NONE 55
CONECT 10 9 11 12 0 NONE 56
CONECT 11 10 0 0 0 NONE 57
CONECT 12 10 24 13 0 NONE 58
CONECT 13 12 14 25 0 NONE 59
CONECT 14 13 15 35 36 NONE 60
CONECT 15 14 24 16 0 NONE 61
CONECT 16 15 17 0 0 NONE 62
CONECT 17 16 22 18 0 NONE 63
CONECT 18 17 19 37 0 NONE 64
CONECT 19 18 20 38 0 NONE 65
CONECT 20 19 21 39 0 NONE 66
CONECT 21 20 22 40 0 NONE 67
CONECT 22 21 17 23 0 NONE 68
CONECT 23 22 24 41 0 NONE 69
CONECT 24 23 12 15 0 NONE 70
CONECT 25 13 26 42 0 NONE 71
CONECT 26 25 3 9 0 NONE 72
END NONE 73</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

=='''The origin of Camptothecin'''==

[[image:Camptotheca.gif|left]]

==The discovery of Camptothecin==
In 1966, Drs. Wall and Wani and their colleagues reported the discovery of a compound they termed camptothecin from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata. Nearly 20 years later, the unique mode of action for this potent cytotoxic compound was found to be the inhibition of an enzyme known as '''DNA Topoisomerase I'''. Camptothecin traps this enzyme, inhibiting DNA replication and killing the cancer cells.

==The IR spectrum of Camptothecin==
[[image:IR_of_camptothein.JPG|left]]

==Bibliographic Information==
Sequence dependent modulating effect of camptothecin on the DNA-cleaving activity of the calf thymus type I topoisomerase.

High-resolution mapping of DNA topoisomerase I (I) cleavages in the regions of human DNA, including the oncogene c-Ha-ras and p53, revealed three kinds of I cleavage sites:
1.cleavage sites not affected by camptothecin;
2.cleavage sites reinforced only in the presence of camptothecin, and
3.cleavage sites which weaken in the presence of camptothecin.
The preferences in camptothecin-reduced sites predominated upstream from the cleavage point, whereas in camptothecin-induced sites the situation was reversed.

==External links==
*[http://www.stehlin.org/research/camptothecin_project.asp Camptothecin Project] From the Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17048510&itool=iconabstr&query_hl=2&itool=pubmed_docsum A novel solvent pH change solubilization method]
*[http://pubs.acs.org/cen/acsnews/8120/8120acsnews.html Anti-cancer research. The anti-cancer potential was tested from the extracts of the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata]

==Further Reading==
*[http://www.iupac.org/publications/ci/2003/2504/1_camptothecin.html Camptothecin and Taxol - The Story Behind the Science]

It:Camptothecin

2006-11-24T17:40:37Z

Yl1405:

It:Camptothecin

2006-11-24T17:40:07Z

Yl1405:

It:Camptothecin

2006-11-24T17:39:48Z

Yl1405:

It:Camptothecin

2006-11-24T17:39:27Z

Yl1405:

It:Camptothecin

2006-11-24T17:38:49Z

Yl1405:

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;"
! {{chemical header}}| '''structure of camptothecin'''
|-align="center" colspan="1" bgcolor="#ffffff" |
|[[Image:camptothecin.gif|right|camptothecin]]
|- align="center"

|-
|}

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor = "#ffffff"
! {{chemical header}}| '''Chemical Data'''
|
|-
| [http://www.iupac.org/dhtml_home.html IUPAC name]
|
|-
| Appearance
| Light Yellow Crystal
|-
| Molecular formula
| C20H16N2O4
|-
| Molecular mass
| 348.36g/mol
|-
| Solubility
| Clear Yellow Solution at <br>1Mg/Ml in Dimethylsulfoxide
|-

|-
| PubMed ID
| [
|-
| PubChem ID
| []
|-
| Melting point
| 260-240°C
|-
| Boiling point
| .....
|-
| [http://www.cas.org/ CAS number]
|
|-
|smiles string
|CC[C@@]1(O)C(=O)OCc2c(=O)<br>n3c(Cc4nc5ccccc5cc34)cc12
|}
==Description==
Camptothecin is an alkaloid derived from the Chinese "happy tree",Camptotheca acuminata Decne. It is one of the two most important compounds in cancer chemotherapy,which the other one is Taxol. Presently, first-generation analogs of camptothecin, such as Hycamtin (topotecan) and Camptosar (irinotecan or CPT-11), are used for the treatment of ovarian and colon cancer.

==3D Image of Camptothecin==
<jmol>
<jmolApplet>
<size>300</size>
<color>white</color>
<script>zoom 100; cpk off;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>HEADER CSD ENTRY XICKAV
HEADER NONAME 27-Oct-06 NONE 1
TITLE NONE 2
AUTHOR WWW daemon apache NONE 3
REVDAT 1 27-Oct-06 0 NONE 4
ATOM 1 C 0 5.739 1.358 1.252 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 2 C 0 4.228 1.118 1.261 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 3 C 0 3.796 0.530 -0.083 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 4 O 0 4.126 1.444 -1.132 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 5 C 0 4.511 -0.781 -0.313 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 6 O 0 5.485 -0.860 -1.023 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 7 O 0 3.999 -1.864 0.320 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 8 C 0 2.615 -2.200 0.035 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 9 C 0 1.770 -0.953 -0.003 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 10 C 0 0.370 -1.094 0.033 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 11 O 0 -0.122 -2.208 0.116 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 12 N 0 -0.438 -0.011 -0.024 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.108 1.230 -0.106 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 C 0 -1.028 2.228 -0.156 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -2.277 1.377 -0.090 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 N 0 -3.548 1.688 -0.095 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -4.498 0.750 -0.027 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -5.860 1.098 -0.034 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 C 0 -6.807 0.123 0.035 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -6.450 -1.222 0.113 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 C 0 -5.142 -1.598 0.122 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -4.137 -0.618 0.053 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -2.775 -0.968 0.060 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -1.839 0.050 -0.012 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 25 C 0 1.449 1.403 -0.128 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 26 C 0 2.308 0.293 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 27 H 0 6.046 1.777 2.210 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 28 H 0 6.255 0.413 1.086 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 29 H 0 5.991 2.055 0.452 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 30 H 0 3.975 0.421 2.061 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 31 H 0 3.711 2.064 1.427 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 32 H 0 5.085 1.567 -1.103 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 33 H 0 2.557 -2.704 -0.930 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 34 H 0 2.238 -2.868 0.810 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 35 H 0 -0.981 2.903 0.698 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 36 H 0 -0.999 2.791 -1.090 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 37 H 0 -6.154 2.136 -0.093 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 38 H 0 -7.852 0.396 0.030 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 39 H 0 -7.222 -1.975 0.167 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 40 H 0 -4.878 -2.643 0.184 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 41 H 0 -2.468 -2.001 0.121 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 42 H 0 1.861 2.399 -0.188 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 27 28 29 NONE 47
CONECT 2 1 3 30 31 NONE 48
CONECT 3 2 26 4 5 NONE 49
CONECT 4 3 32 0 0 NONE 50
CONECT 5 3 6 7 0 NONE 51
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 52
CONECT 7 5 8 0 0 NONE 53
CONECT 8 7 9 33 34 NONE 54
CONECT 9 8 26 10 0 NONE 55
CONECT 10 9 11 12 0 NONE 56
CONECT 11 10 0 0 0 NONE 57
CONECT 12 10 24 13 0 NONE 58
CONECT 13 12 14 25 0 NONE 59
CONECT 14 13 15 35 36 NONE 60
CONECT 15 14 24 16 0 NONE 61
CONECT 16 15 17 0 0 NONE 62
CONECT 17 16 22 18 0 NONE 63
CONECT 18 17 19 37 0 NONE 64
CONECT 19 18 20 38 0 NONE 65
CONECT 20 19 21 39 0 NONE 66
CONECT 21 20 22 40 0 NONE 67
CONECT 22 21 17 23 0 NONE 68
CONECT 23 22 24 41 0 NONE 69
CONECT 24 23 12 15 0 NONE 70
CONECT 25 13 26 42 0 NONE 71
CONECT 26 25 3 9 0 NONE 72
END NONE 73</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

=='''The origin of Camptothecin'''==

[[image:Camptotheca.gif|left]]

==The discovery of Camptothecin==
In 1966, Drs. Wall and Wani and their colleagues reported the discovery of a compound they termed camptothecin from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata. Nearly 20 years later, the unique mode of action for this potent cytotoxic compound was found to be the inhibition of an enzyme known as '''DNA Topoisomerase I'''. Camptothecin traps this enzyme, inhibiting DNA replication and killing the cancer cells.

==The IR spectrum of Camptothecin==
image:IR_of_camptothein.JPG|left

==Bibliographic Information==
Sequence dependent modulating effect of camptothecin on the DNA-cleaving activity of the calf thymus type I topoisomerase.

High-resolution mapping of DNA topoisomerase I (I) cleavages in the regions of human DNA, including the oncogene c-Ha-ras and p53, revealed three kinds of I cleavage sites:
1.cleavage sites not affected by camptothecin;
2.cleavage sites reinforced only in the presence of camptothecin, and
3.cleavage sites which weaken in the presence of camptothecin.
The preferences in camptothecin-reduced sites predominated upstream from the cleavage point, whereas in camptothecin-induced sites the situation was reversed.

==External links==
*[http://www.stehlin.org/research/camptothecin_project.asp Camptothecin Project] From the Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17048510&itool=iconabstr&query_hl=2&itool=pubmed_docsum A novel solvent pH change solubilization method]
*[http://pubs.acs.org/cen/acsnews/8120/8120acsnews.html Anti-cancer research. The anti-cancer potential was tested from the extracts of the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata]

==Further Reading==
*[http://www.iupac.org/publications/ci/2003/2504/1_camptothecin.html Camptothecin and Taxol - The Story Behind the Science]

File:IR of camptothein.JPG

2006-11-24T17:36:28Z

Yl1405:

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-24T17:32:03Z

Yl1405:

[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]

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<script>zoom 80; cpk on;frame 1; move 10 -20 10 0 0 0 0 0 3; delay 1;</script>
<inlineContents>water.mol
24 0.00 0.00 N+0
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ATOM 10 O 0 4.421 0.992 0.712 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 11 C 0 2.666 0.357 -0.732 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 12 N 0 1.927 1.386 0.003 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 13 C 0 0.641 1.643 -0.307 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 14 O 0 0.095 1.022 -1.194 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 15 C 0 -0.120 2.701 0.450 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 16 C 0 0.556 4.074 0.253 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 17 C 0 -0.651 5.043 0.140 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 18 C 0 -1.682 4.168 -0.615 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 19 N 0 -1.487 2.808 -0.079 0.00 0.00 N+0
ATOM 20 C 0 -2.410 1.826 -0.074 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 21 O 0 -2.138 0.741 0.394 0.00 0.00 O+0
ATOM 22 C 0 -3.779 2.076 -0.652 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 23 C 0 -3.661 2.422 -2.151 0.00 0.00 C+0
ATOM 24 C 0 -4.887 1.702 -2.772 0.00 0.00 C+0
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ATOM 59 H 0 -1.022 5.321 1.126 0.00 0.00 H+0
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ATOM 65 H 0 -2.733 2.029 -2.566 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 66 H 0 -5.790 2.303 -2.662 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 67 H 0 -4.708 1.457 -3.819 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 68 H 0 -5.980 0.019 -1.913 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 69 H 0 -4.260 -0.327 -2.271 0.00 0.00 H+0
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ATOM 73 H 0 -7.610 -0.066 1.226 0.00 0.00 H+0
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ATOM 77 H 0 -9.918 -0.949 0.859 0.00 0.00 H+0
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ATOM 84 H 0 7.358 -1.766 1.349 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 85 H 0 3.694 -1.955 1.513 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 86 H 0 2.365 -0.956 3.329 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 87 H 0 3.441 0.539 4.963 0.00 0.00 H+0
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ATOM 91 H 0 10.547 -1.214 -3.727 0.00 0.00 H+0
ATOM 92 H 0 9.026 -0.343 -3.423 0.00 0.00 H+0
CONECT 1 2 46 0 0 NONE 98
CONECT 2 1 3 47 48 NONE 99
CONECT 3 2 4 45 49 NONE 100
CONECT 4 3 5 50 0 NONE 101
CONECT 5 4 6 7 0 NONE 102
CONECT 6 5 0 0 0 NONE 103
CONECT 7 5 8 38 51 NONE 104
CONECT 8 7 9 52 0 NONE 105
CONECT 9 8 10 11 0 NONE 106
CONECT 10 9 0 0 0 NONE 107
CONECT 11 9 12 53 54 NONE 108
CONECT 12 11 13 55 0 NONE 109
CONECT 13 12 14 15 0 NONE 110
CONECT 14 13 0 0 0 NONE 111
CONECT 15 13 19 16 56 NONE 112
CONECT 16 15 17 57 58 NONE 113
CONECT 17 16 18 59 60 NONE 114
CONECT 18 17 19 61 62 NONE 115
CONECT 19 18 15 20 0 NONE 116
CONECT 20 19 21 22 0 NONE 117
CONECT 21 20 0 0 0 NONE 118
CONECT 22 20 26 23 63 NONE 119
CONECT 23 22 24 64 65 NONE 120
CONECT 24 23 25 66 67 NONE 121
CONECT 25 24 26 68 69 NONE 122
CONECT 26 25 22 27 0 NONE 123
CONECT 27 26 28 29 0 NONE 124
CONECT 28 27 0 0 0 NONE 125
CONECT 29 27 30 31 70 NONE 126
CONECT 30 29 71 72 0 NONE 127
CONECT 31 29 32 73 74 NONE 128
CONECT 32 31 33 75 76 NONE 129
CONECT 33 32 34 77 78 NONE 130
CONECT 34 33 35 79 0 NONE 131
CONECT 35 34 36 37 0 NONE 132
CONECT 36 35 80 0 0 NONE 133
CONECT 37 35 81 82 0 NONE 134
CONECT 38 7 39 83 84 NONE 135
CONECT 39 38 44 40 0 NONE 136
CONECT 40 39 41 85 0 NONE 137
CONECT 41 40 42 86 0 NONE 138
CONECT 42 41 43 87 0 NONE 139
CONECT 43 42 44 88 0 NONE 140
CONECT 44 43 39 89 0
M END</inlineContents>
</jmolApplet>
</jmol>

It:Bradykinin.2nd

2006-11-24T17:21:01Z

Yl1405:

[[Image:bradykinin2D.gif]]
[[Image:leukotrienesynthesis.gif]]
[[Image:prostaglandinsynthesis.gif]]