ChemWiki - User contributions [en]

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T16:00:48Z

Ajm206: /* Health and Safety Concerns */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a widely used chemical, mainly used to thicken up products and to create a lather. It is most commonly used in shampoos, shower gels, bubble baths, toothpastes and shaving gels.

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:SLS structure.png|SLS structure.png]] [[Image:Littlesls.png]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| 151-21-3
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| Density 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
|-

| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 206 °C
|-
|-
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

== The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is made by the sulfonation of dodecanol, followed by neutralisation using sodium carbonate.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate, a similar chemical that is less harsh on human skin, can be manufactured from SLS by ethoxylation.

Due to SLS's uses both in industrial and home-made cosmetics, it is currently one of the most researched anionic surfactant compounds.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate can denature proteins by disrupting their non-covalent bonds, causing them to lose their normal shape. For this reason, SLS is commonly used to prepare proteins for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). It also works in this process by its anions binding to the peptide chain of the protein, causing a negative charge on the protein. This results in electrostatic repulsion, which unravels the protein and allows the gel separation to occur without the proteins' shape as a factor.

[[Image:SLS powder.JPG]]

== Health and Safety Concerns ==

Sodium lauryl sulfate is rumoured to be a carcinogen, although many sources have said this is only the case when used in concentrations much higher than those used in common cosmetics.

However, there are other health concerns regarding SLS - including it causing dermatitis, skin irritation and ulcers.

Whilst using sodium lauryl sulfate in its solid form, it is recommended that dust masks are worn as if inhaled, it can prove to be a choking hazard.

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T15:48:55Z

Ajm206: /* Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') */

2007-10-26T15:44:40Z

Ajm206:

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T15:42:53Z

Ajm206: /* The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a widely used chemical, mainly used to thicken up products and to create a lather. It is most commonly used in shampoos, shower gels, bubble baths, toothpastes and shaving gels.

== The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is made by the sulfonation of dodecanol, followed by neutralisation using sodium carbonate.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate, a similar chemical that is less harsh on human skin, can be manufactured from SLS by ethoxylation.

Due to SLS's uses both in industrial and home-made cosmetics, it is currently one of the most researched anionic surfactant compounds.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate can denature proteins by disrupting their non-covalent bonds, causing them to lose their normal shape. For this reason, SLS is commonly used to prepare proteins for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). It also works in this process by its anions binding to the peptide chain of the protein, causing a negative charge on the protein. This results in electrostatic repulsion, which unravels the protein and allows the gel separation to occur without the proteins' shape as a factor.

[[Image:SLS powder.JPG]]

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:SLS structure.png|SLS structure.png]] [[Image:SLS 3D.png]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| 151-21-3
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| Density 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
|-

| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 206 °C
|-
|-
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T15:41:36Z

Ajm206: /* The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a widely used chemical, mainly used to thicken up products and to create a lather. It is most commonly used in shampoos, shower gels, bubble baths, toothpastes and shaving gels.

== The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is made by the sulfonation of dodecanol, followed by neutralisation using sodium carbonate.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate, a similar chemical that is less harsh on human skin, can be manufactured from SLS by ethoxylation.

Due to SLS's uses both in industrial and home-made cosmetics, it is currently one of the most researched anionic surfactant compounds.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate can denature proteins by disrupting their non-covalent bonds, causing them to lose their normal shape. For this reason, SLS is commonly used to prepare proteins for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). It also works in this process by its anions binding to the peptide chain of the protein, causing a negative charge on the protein. This results in electrostatic repulsion, which unravels the protein and allows the gel separation to occur without the proteins' shape as a factor.

[[Image:SLS powder.JPG]]

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:SLS structure.png|SLS structure.png]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| 151-21-3
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| Density 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
|-

| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 206 °C
|-
|-
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

[[Image:SLS 3D.png]]

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T15:24:05Z

Ajm206: /* The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a widely used chemical, mainly used to thicken up products and to create a lather. It is most commonly used in shampoos, shower gels, bubble baths, toothpastes and shaving gels.

== The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is made by the sulfonation of dodecanol, followed by neutralisation using sodium carbonate.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate, a similar chemical that is less harsh on human skin, can be manufactured from SLS by ethoxylation.

Due to SLS's uses both in industrial and home-made cosmetics, it is currently one of the most researched anionic surfactant compounds.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate can denature proteins by disrupting their non-covalent bonds, causing them to lose their normal shape. For this reason, SLS is commonly used to prepare proteins for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).

[[Image:SLS powder.JPG]]

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:SLS structure.png|SLS structure.png]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| 151-21-3
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| Density 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
|-

| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 206 °C
|-
|-
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

[[Image:SLS 3D.png]]

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T15:20:38Z

Ajm206: /* Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a widely used chemical, mainly used to thicken up products and to create a lather. It is most commonly used in shampoos, shower gels, bubble baths, toothpastes and shaving gels.

== The Chemistry of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ==

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is made by the sulfonation of dodecanol, followed by neutralisation using sodium carbonate.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate, a similar chemical that is less harsh on human skin, can be manufactured from SLS by ethoxylation.

Due to SLS's uses both in industrial and home-made cosmetics, it is currently one of the most researched anionic surfactant compounds.

[[Image:SLS powder.JPG]]

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:SLS structure.png|SLS structure.png]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| 151-21-3
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| Density 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
|-

| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 206 °C
|-
|-
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

[[Image:SLS 3D.png]]

2007-10-26T14:19:00Z

Ajm206:

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T14:16:10Z

Ajm206: /* Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

{{Drug-Box |
| Box_Name = Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
| IUPACName = Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
| OtherName = SLS
| CAS_No = 151-21-3
| Formula = NaC12H25SO4
| MolarMass = 288.38 g mol−1
| Melting point = 206 °C
| Density = 1.01 g/cm³
}}

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:Cyclo2.png|200px|]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_file_format SMILES] 
| {{{SMILES}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| Appearance
| {{{Appearance}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| {{{CASNo}}}
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| {{{Density}}} 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility Solubility in water]
| {{{Sol_Water}}} g/100 ml (25°C) 
|-



| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 206 °C
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point Boiling point]
| {{{Bp}}} K
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant Acidity] (p''K''a) 
| {{{pKa}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant Basicity] (p''K''b) 
| {{{pKb}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_rotation Chiral rotation <nowiki>[α]</nowiki>D] 
| {{{Rotation}}}°
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity Viscosity]
| {{{Viscosity}}} [[Poise|cP]] at 25°C 
|-

|-
! {{chembox header}} | Hazards 
|-
|-
| Main [[Worker safety and health|hazard]]s
| {{{Hazards}}} 
|-
| [[NFPA 704]]
| {{{NFPA}}}
|-
| [[Flash point]]
| {{{Fp}}}°C
|-
| [[Risk and Safety Statements|R/S statement]]
| [[List of R-phrases|R]]: {{{R-S}}} [[List of S-phrases|S]]: ?
|-
| [[RTECS]] number
| {{{RTECS}}}
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T14:12:20Z

Ajm206: /* Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

{{Drug-Box |
| Box_Name = Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
| IUPACName = Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
| OtherName = SLS
| CAS_No = 151-21-3
| Formula = NaC12H25SO4
| MolarMass = 288.38 g mol−1
| Melting point = 206 °C
| Density = 1.01 g/cm³
}}

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:Cyclo2.png|200px|]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| Other names
| Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SLS, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| NaC12H25SO4
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_file_format SMILES] 
| {{{SMILES}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 288.38 gmol-1
|-
| Appearance
| {{{Appearance}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| {{{CASNo}}}
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| {{{Density}}} 1.01 g/cm³ 
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility Solubility in water]
| {{{Sol_Water}}} g/100 ml (25°C) 
|-



| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 45.5-53 degrees C
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point Boiling point]
| {{{Bp}}} K
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant Acidity] (p''K''a) 
| {{{pKa}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant Basicity] (p''K''b) 
| {{{pKb}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_rotation Chiral rotation <nowiki>[α]</nowiki>D] 
| {{{Rotation}}}°
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity Viscosity]
| {{{Viscosity}}} [[Poise|cP]] at 25°C 
|-

|-
! {{chembox header}} | Hazards 
|-
| [[Material safety data sheet|MSDS]]
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Material Safety Data Sheet|http://www.sciencelab.com/xMSDS-Cyclophosphamide_Monohydrate-9923635]]
|-
| Main [[Worker safety and health|hazard]]s
| {{{Hazards}}} 
|-
| [[NFPA 704]]
| {{{NFPA}}}
|-
| [[Flash point]]
| {{{Fp}}}°C
|-
| [[Risk and Safety Statements|R/S statement]]
| [[List of R-phrases|R]]: {{{R-S}}} [[List of S-phrases|S]]: ?
|-
| [[RTECS]] number
| {{{RTECS}}}
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

It07:Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2007-10-26T14:09:42Z

Ajm206: /* Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') */

== Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (Also ''Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate'') ==

{{Drug-Box |
| Box_Name = Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
| IUPACName = Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
| OtherName = SLS
| CAS_No = 151-21-3
| Formula = NaC12H25SO4
| MolarMass = 288.38 g mol−1
| Melting point = 206 °C
| Density = 1.01 g/cm³
}}

{| class="toccolours" border="1" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 280px"
! {{chembox header}} | {{PAGENAME}} 
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:Cyclo2.png|200px|]]
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC Systematic name]
| N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1,3,2-oxazaphosphinan-2-amine 2-oxide

|-
| Other names
| Cytoxan, Neosar, Cytophosphane
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula Molecular formula]
| C7H15CL2N2O2P
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_file_format SMILES] 
| {{{SMILES}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass Molar mass]
| 261.085 gmol-1
|-
| Appearance
| {{{Appearance}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS_registry_number CAS number]
| {{{CASNo}}}
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density Density] & [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_%28matter%29 phase]
| {{{Density}}} g/cm³ 
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility Solubility in water]
| {{{Sol_Water}}} g/100 ml (25°C) 
|-



| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point Melting point]
| 45.5-53 degrees C
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point Boiling point]
| {{{Bp}}} K
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant Acidity] (p''K''a) 
| {{{pKa}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant Basicity] (p''K''b) 
| {{{pKb}}}
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_rotation Chiral rotation <nowiki>[α]</nowiki>D] 
| {{{Rotation}}}°
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity Viscosity]
| {{{Viscosity}}} [[Poise|cP]] at 25°C 
|-

|-
! {{chembox header}} | Hazards 
|-
| [[Material safety data sheet|MSDS]]
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Material Safety Data Sheet|http://www.sciencelab.com/xMSDS-Cyclophosphamide_Monohydrate-9923635]]
|-
| Main [[Worker safety and health|hazard]]s
| {{{Hazards}}} 
|-
| [[NFPA 704]]
| {{{NFPA}}}
|-
| [[Flash point]]
| {{{Fp}}}°C
|-
| [[Risk and Safety Statements|R/S statement]]
| [[List of R-phrases|R]]: {{{R-S}}} [[List of S-phrases|S]]: ?
|-
| [[RTECS]] number
| {{{RTECS}}}
|-
! {{chembox header}} | [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Structure and properties|Structure and properties]]
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index ''n''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_constant εr], etc.
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic data]]
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|-
| [[{{PAGENAME}} (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
|-

|-
| {{chembox header}} | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]] [[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]
|-

2007-10-25T14:44:46Z

Ajm206: /* Using Herceptin */

== Herceptin (also ''Trastuzumab'') ==

[[Image:800px-HerceptinFab.jpg]]

{{Drug-Box |
| Box_Name = Herceptin
| ImageFile =
| IUPACName =
| OtherName = Trastuzumab
| CAS_No = 180288-69-1
| ATC_Code = L01XC03
| PubChem =
| SMILES =
| Formula = C6470H10012N1726O2013S42
| MolarMass = 145531.5 g/mol
| Bioavailability =
| Protein_binding
| Metabolism =
| Half_life = 2-12 days
| Excretion =
| Pregnancy_cat =
| Legal_status =
| Routes =
}}

== General ==

'Herceptin' is the trade-name of a molecule called Trastuzumab, which is a humanized monoclonal antibody. It is particularly well known for its use as an anti-cancer agent, specifically in breast cancer.

This molecule targets the HER2/neu receptor, and if too much of this receptor is produced, which occurs in some cases of breast cancer tumours, then Herceptin can be used to treat it.

== Using Herceptin ==

Herceptin is most commonly used when there has been found to be an over-expression of the HER2 receptor. This over-expression can be detected by immunohistochemistry or either chromogenic or fluorescent in situ hybridisation. Alternative ways of detecting this over-expression include various polymerase chain reaction methods.

Herceptin has been found to be unsuitable for patients with pre-existing heart problems, and has had unwanted cardiac effects on around 5% of patients used upon.

After taking Herceptin, some patients suffered from unwanted side-effects, including nausea, vomiting, headaches and fatigue.

== Herceptin's success ==

Despite the unwanted side-effects, Herceptin has been found to be very useful in assisting the treatment of breast cancer. Recent clinical trials stated that Herceptin reduces the risk of relapse in breast cancer patients by 50% when given to them after breast cancer surgery, but before the cancer has spread any further, for one year.

However, the fact that Herceptin can cause heart disease means that its use as an anti-cancer drug has become limited.

2007-10-22T15:42:33Z

Ajm206: /* Herceptin */

It07:Gentamycin

2007-10-19T10:50:10Z

Ajm206: /* Gentamycin */

== Gentamycin ==

[[Image:800px-Gentamicin.png]]

IUPAC name:
2-[4,6-diamino-3- [3-amino-6-(1-methylaminoethyl) tetrahydropyran-2-yl] oxy-2-hydroxy- cyclohexoxy]-5-methyl- 4-methylamino-tetrahydropyran-3,5-diol

Molecular formula: C21H43N5O7

Molar mass: 477.596 g/mol

Half life: 2 hours

Gentamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which can be used to treat several bacterial infections, especially those of the gram-negative variety.

It cannot be taken orally in order for it to work effectively, and so must be taken intravenously, intramuscularly or topically.
Its benefits are used to help treat bacterial infections such as Pseudomonas, Proteus, Serratia, and gram-positive Staphylococcus.

Unwanted side effects of taking Gentamycin include possible kidney function problems, as it is nephrotoxic, and also hearing problems due to general aminoglycosides being toxic to the sensory cells of the ear.